Soil in Jharkhand State Gk - Indgovtjob.in.net

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In this post, you will learn how many types soil found in Jharkhand state. In the Jharkhand government examination the question can come from this topic. It is a small topic so you can prepare it for your next govt examination. Jharkhand has variations in soil deposit on the basis of the rocks present in the state like granite, Sandstone, gneiss, laterite, quartzite, slate etc. Apart from the rock, chemical and organic matters determine the colour of the soil. Climate of Jharkhand varies from Humid subtropical in the North to tropical wet and dry in the South-East. The main seasons are summer, rainy, autumn, winter and spring.

Soils in Jharkhand

The large cover of forest provides more organic content in comparison with areas having rock exposure, by the decomposition of plant fossils. The types of soil is also influenced by geographical factors like moisture, temperature and precipitation. The soil of Jharkhand contains potash and lime but Jacks nitrogen, phosphorus and other organic substances.

Types of Soil in Jharkhand

The soils of Jharkhand are broadly classified into six groups. These are:

Red Soil
Black Soil (Regur Soil)
Sandy Soil
Laterite Soil
Alluvial Soil
Red Micaceous Soil

1. Red Soil

Most of the Jharkhand state lies in the Chhota nagpur plateau. According to the soil and land use survey of India (SLUSI), Jharkhand is a region of red soil because 90% of the chhota nagpur plateau is covered by this soil.

This soil is found in Damodar valley, Hazaribagh and Koderma region everywhere except narrow through of Damodar and Rajmahal areas.

Important points of red soil:

Due to the presence of ircon oxide,its colour is red.
Red soil mainly found in top land known as Tand.
Red soil is made by the decomposition of Archean granite, gneiss and quartz rocks.
It has high iron content and adequate quantity of lime and potash.
It is less fertile because of a lack of nitrogen, phosphorus, and humus.
In some places, its colour becomes chocolate due to the dark colour.
Nature of the red soil changes with the change in land and altitude. Generally, the structure of the soil is rough and dusty and has less capacity for water absorption.
The main crops are grains like jowar, bajra, rice, sugarcane, and peanut etc.

2. Black Soil (Regur Soil)

This soil is found in Rajmahal region of Jharkhand.
It is also known as Regur soil.
The main ingredient of this soil is basalt, kaolin, potash, and iron oxide.
This soil contains line and magnesia in adequate content.
This soil has a very high capacity of retaining water due to the higher proportion of clay present in it.
It becomes muddy after getting water.

3. Sandy Soil

The colour of sandy soil is yellowish.
This type of soil is found in Damodar valley region, east hazaribagh, and dhanbad.
The gradual decomposition of such rocks formed sandy soil.
Sandy soil has high iron content, and less quantity of nitrogenous compound and humus.
It is less fertile.

4. Laterite Soil

The colour of laterite soil is dark red due to the presence of iron oxide.
It is found in four regions, highlands of Rajmahal, western Ranchi plateau, pat region of south palamu and Dhalbhum region of east singhbhum.
This soil contains silicate of aluminium and iron, whereas it lacks potash, phosphoric acid, nitrogen and magnesium.
The main components of Laterite soil are aluminium, iron oxide and manganese oxide.
This soil is prone to acid reaction.

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